Dynamic range is the camera sensor’s ability to capture detail in very bright and very dark parts of a scene. Cameras (or sensors) with a low dynamic range record dark shadows as a solid black or bright highlights as a featureless white.
Exposure latitude
Exposure latitude is a term used to describe a film's ability to tolerate overexposure or underexposure, and to capture a high brightness range in a scene without losing extreme shadow or highlight detail. In the digital age, 'exposure latitude' equates to dynamic range.